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Aislamiento, cultivo y fusión de protoplastos en el género Vasconcellea
Resumen
Las especies del género Vasconcellea, frecuentemente denominadas papayas de las tierras altas, son parientes silvestres de la papaya común (Carica papaya L.) ampliamente distribuida en la América tropical. Sus usos son varios entre los que se incluyen: materia prima en la industria de las frutas tropicales como fuente de papaína o su empleo en programas de mejoramiento genético. El presente trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de realizar una revisión de literatura científica sobre el aislamiento, purificación y fusión de protoplastos en el género Vasconcellea y sus usos en el mejoramiento genético. Además, se describen las principales fuentes de protoplastos del género Vasconcellea, los factores que influyen en el proceso de aislamiento, las condiciones de cultivo y la fusión de los protoplastos. Finalmente, se resumen los adelantos alcanzados hasta la fecha en la hibridación intergenérica con Carica papaya para generar mayor resistencia y productividad.
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