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Efecto de la inoculación artificial de Mycosphaerella fijiensis en la inducción de enzimas relacionadas con la defensa en dos genotipos de Musa
Resumen
La enfermedad denominada Sigatoka Negra es causada por el hongo Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet (anamorfo: Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Morelet) Deighton) y es clasificada como la enfermedad foliar de plátanos y bananos más importante económicamente, en todo el mundo. Aunque existen numerosos estudios sobre la interacción planta-patógeno en otros patosistemas, es muy limitado el conocimiento de los mecanismos moleculares en la interacción Musa–M. fijiensis, tanto en la respuesta compatible como en la incompatible. Es por ello que el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la inducción de enzimas relacionadas con la respuesta de defensa en dos genotipos de Musa ante la inoculación artificial con Mycosphaerella fijiensis, en casa de cultivo. Se determinó la actividad enzimática peroxidasa (PO), fenilalanina amonio-liasa (PAL) y â-1, 3-glucanasa, a diferentes tiempos después de la inoculación. Como resultado se observó un incremento en la actividad de las enzimas evaluadas en plantas de ‘Calcutta 4’ inoculadas. Resultados similares se observaron en el genotipo ‘Grande naine’, con excepción en la actividad â-1, 3-glucanasa donde no se encontraron diferencias entre las plantas inoculadas y la no inoculadas. Estos cambios bioquímicos en plantas del genotipo resistente ‘Calcutta 4’ en respuesta a la infección por M. fijiensis ocurrieron más rápido que en el cultivar susceptible ‘Grande naine’, lo que ofrece nuevas evidencias de los mecanismos de resistencia de la planta ante la infección por este patógeno.
Palabras clave: Calcutta 4, fenilalanina amonio-liasa (PAL), 3-glucanasa, Grande naine, peroxidasa (PO), Sigatoka Negra, â-1
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