Extractos de callos de Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent que contienen betalaína presentan actividad antioxidante y antibacteriana in vitro

Rumana Faraz, Mamta Gokhale, Ragini Gothalwal

Resumen


Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent se usa como medicina tradicional para curar muchas enfermedades. Los flavonoides baicaleína se han detectado y extraído del cultivo in vitro. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar las actividades antioxidantes y antibacterianas in vitro de los extractos de callos de O. indicum. Se usó medio de cultivo Murashige y Skoog con BAP 1 mg l-1 y AgNO3 2 mg l-1 para inducir la formación de callos. Se extrajeron diferentes explantes de plántulas de 15 días desarrolladas en medio de cultivo MS. Los metabolitos se extrajeron de callos de dos meses. Se prepararon extractos etanólicos y acuosos en condiciones frías y calientes. Estos se utilizaron para la determinación del contenido de fenoles y flavonoides. Los extractos de callos se sometieron a cromatografía en capa fina (TLC), espectrofotometría UV-Vis (rango 200-600 nm) para verificar la presencia de flavonoides (baicaleína) y FTIR. La actividad de eliminación de radicales libres de los extractos de callos se investigó usando el método de eliminación de radicales 1, 1-difenil-2-picrilhidracilo (DPPH). La actividad antibacteriana se determinó mediante el método de difusión de pozos y la prueba de viabilidad del ensayo MTT contra Micrococcus luteus y Staphylococcus aureus. Se desarrolló un callo marrón oscuro y friable de O. indicum. La presencia de baicaleína se detectó utilizando un espectrofotómetro visible a UV, en eluido purificado, aislado de TLC a partir de extractos de callo. La presencia de baicaleína se confirmó en extractos de callos en un espectrofotómetro UV-Vis contra el pico de baicaleína estándar. Los grupos funcionales de baicaleína se confirmaron mediante análisis FTIR en el callo secado al horno en el rango de 400-4000 cm-1. El ensayo DPPH de extracto etanólico frío de callo reveló la mejor propiedad antioxidante (6.2 ± 0.1 µg ml-1) en comparación con el estándar (ácido ascórbico). El extracto etanólico de callos de O. indicum mostró actividad inhibitoria contra las cepas bacterianas analizadas.


Palabras clave


baicaleína; flavonoides; FTIR; TLC; espectrofotometría UV-Vis

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Referencias


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