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Empleo de suspensiones celulares embriogénicas y radiaciones Gamma fuente 60Co en la mutagénesis in vitro de banano cv. ‘Manzano’ (Musa AAB)
Resumen
La inducción de mutaciones in vitro combinada con la embriogénesis somática aumenta la eficiencia de los tratamientos mutagénicos. Este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de las radiaciones Gamma fuente 60Co en suspensiones celulares embriogénicas de banano cv. ‘Manzano’ (Musa AAB). Se aplicaron diferentes dosis de radiación (30, 40, 50, 60, 70 y 80 Gy) a suspensiones celulares embriogénicas en fase de multiplicación y posteriormente se subcultivaron a medios de cultivo para la formación, maduración y germinación de los embriones somáticos. Se empleó un control sin irradiar. Posteriormente, se trasladaron las plantas regeneradas a casa de cultivo para su aclimatización. A los 45 días se evaluó la supervivencia y las variaciones fenotípicas. De acuerdo con la media ponderada de las variables incluidas se logró seleccionar 40 Gy como la dosis más efectiva (GR50 y la DL50), a partir de las variables número de embriones somáticos germinados y porcentaje de supervivencia. Los resultados de este estudio permiten conocer el rango de radiosensibilidad para la aplicación de radiaciones Gamma fuente 60Co que pueda inducir caracteres mejorados de interés agronómico en banano cv. ‘Manzano’ para ser empleados en programas de mejora genética.
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