La maltosa en los medios de cultivo mejora la regeneración in vitro de plantas de Urochloa brizantha cv. 'Marandu'
Resumen
RESUMEN
La mejora de la regeneración in vitro de Urochloa brizantha es un paso importante hacia el desarrollo de cultivares transgénicos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del aminoácido prolina y el reemplazo de sacarosa por maltosa como fuente de carbono en medios de cultivo para optimizar la embriogénesis somática. Semillas maduras de U. brizantha cv. 'Marandu' fueron utilizados como explante inicial. Las semillas fueron escarificadas en ácido sulfúrico, peladas manualmente, desinfectadas y lavadas. Los medios de cultivo para la formación de callos estuvieron compuestos básicamente por sales de Murashige y Skoog con 30 g l-1 de sacarosa, 3 mg l-1 de ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxi acético, 300 mg l-1 de caseína hidrolizada y 8 g l-1 de agar. Se añadieron fuentes de carbono maltosa o sacarosa a 30, 40 y 50 g l-1 en el medio de cultivo de formación de callos. En otro experimento, se añadió L-prolina a los medios de cultivo a 100, 200 y 400 mg l-1. Se evaluó el número de semillas que produjeron callos, el crecimiento de callos después de 14 semanas (mg) y el número de plantas regeneradas. Los resultados mostraron que la maltosa era más eficiente que la sacarosa para regenerar las plantas. La adición de prolina a los medios de cultivo no lo mejoró. Por lo tanto, la sustitución de sacarosa por maltosa en los medios de cultivo in vitro de U. brizantha aumenta la regeneración de las plantas.
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Referencias
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